Atmospheric concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in passive air sampler from Batam Island, Indonesia

Abstract Air contamination by semi volatile organic compounds including toxic polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) has been a matter of global concern due to the important atmospheric transportation in contribution their widely distribution environment. This study aims at elucidating levels and spatial PBDEs atmosphere derived from polyurethane foam passive air sampler (PUF-PAS) identify potential sources Batam Island. Fifteen PUF-PAS were deployed various locations representing different background activities. After deployment around 2.5 months, PUFs analyzed for forty-two congeners mono- deca-BDE using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. detected ranging 7.2 – 2900 pg/m 3 . Significant high concentrations found public service areas than offices, residential remote ( p <0.05). In particular, concentration was Marina Tanjung Riau (2900 ), whereas other much lower electronic shop (50 dumping site area (7.2-15 which indicating specific emission according location. The profiles are predominated BDE-209 congener on average 81% (36-100) while lower. suggest that presence Island is mainly commercial formulation Deca-BDE, consistent its consumption Asia.